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Static Pages

L.E.M.P

Before anything begins; first thing first;

$ apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change
$ apt-get install --reinstall ca-certificates
$ apt-get upgrade -y
$ apt-get upgrade --fix-missing
$ apt-get install nano wget perl curl sudo -y
$ sudo apt -y dist-upgrade
$ sudo apt --purge autoremove
$ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

$ adduser nginx
$ adduser nginx sudo
$ su - nginx
$ exit

$ apt -y purge Apache2* bind* exim* ufw firewalld libapache2-mod-php* postfix

Step 1. Install Nginx

$ sudo apt-get install nginx -y
$ systemctl start nginx
$ systemctl enable nginx
$ systemctl status nginx
  http://i.p address 
$ chown www-data:www-data /var/www/html -R

Step 2. Install DB

$ apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client -y
$ systemctl start mariadb
$ systemctl status mariadb
$ systemctl enable mariadb

$ mysql_secure_installation
  type y to set the root password
$ mariadb -u root
  exit;

Step 3. Install PHP

$ sudo apt -y install php software-properties-common 
$ sudo apt -y install php-common php-mysql php-xml php-xmlrpc php-curl php-gd php-imagick php-cli php-fpm php-json php-imap php-mbstring php-opcache php-soap php-dev php-cgi php-zip php-intl php-bcmath php-pear
$ sudo apt -y install libmcrypt-dev libreadline-dev mcrypt 

$ sudo apt -y install php8.2 php8.2-fpm php8.2-common php8.2-mysql php8.2-xml php8.2-xmlrpc 
$ sudo apt -y install php8.2-curl php8.2-gd php8.2-cli php8.2-dev php8.2-imap 
$ sudo apt -y install php8.2-mbstring php8.2-soap php8.2-zip php8.2-cgi 

$ sudo apt -y install php7.4 php7.4-fpm php7.4-common php7.4-mysql php7.4-xml php7.4-xmlrpc 
$ sudo apt -y install php7.4-curl php7.4-gd php7.4-cli php7.4-dev php7.4-imap php7.4-mbstring 
$ sudo apt -y install php7.4-soap php7.4-zip php7.4-cgi

$ apt -y purge Apache2* bind* exim* ufw firewalld libapache2-mod-php* postfix

$ sudo nano /etc/php/8.2/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
user = nginx
group = nginx
listen.owner = nginx
listen.group = nginx
$ systemctl start php8.2-fpm
$ systemctl enable php8.2-fpm
$ systemctl status php8.2-fpm

Step 4. Configure Nginx to use PHP Processor

$ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
--------------------------------------------
server {
        listen 80 default_server;
        listen [::]:80 default_server;
    server_name _;
    root /var/www/html;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;
    location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
               }
     location ~ \.php$ {
     include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
     fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock;
                       }
     }

$ sudo nginx -t 
$ sudo systemctl reload nginx 
http://server_IP/

=============Create Website=======================================

Use full domain name or whatever word!
$ sudo mkdir -p /var/www/html/website1
$ sudo nano /var/www/html/website1/index.html
$ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/website1.conf
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name website1.com;
    root /var/www/html/website1;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;
     location / {
     try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
               }
     location ~ \.php$ {
     include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
     fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock;
                  }
    access_log /var/log/nginx/website1-access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/website1-error.log;
}

------------OR------------------------------------------------

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name example.com www.example.com;
    root /var/www/html/website1;
    index index.php index.html index.htm;
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }
   location ~ \.php$ {
    include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
    include fastcgi_params;
}
    access_log /var/log/nginx/website1-access.log;
    error_log /var/log/nginx/website1-error.log;
    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny all;
    }
}

Make other website by copying first one.

$ sudo cp /etc/nginx/sites-available/website1 /etc/nginx/sites-available/website2
$ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/website2
  paste same as above website1.com.
$ sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/website1.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ 
$ sudo nginx -t 
$ sudo systemctl restart nginx

Step 5. Automatic restart of Nginx

$ systemctl restart nginx
$ mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service.d/
$ nano /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service.d/restart.conf
 Add the following lines to the file
 [Service]
Restart=always
RestartSec=5s

$ systemctl daemon-reload
$ pkill nginx
$ systemctl status nginx

Step 6. Install Memcached

Memcached allows server side caching for faster data retrieval.
$ sudo apt -y install memcached
$ sudo apt -y install php8.2-memcached
$ sudo service php8.2-fpm restart
$ sudo service nginx restart

Step 7.Install phpMyAdmin with Domain

$ sudo apt -y install phpmyadmin
$ ln -s /usr/share/phpmyadmin /var/www/html
$ cd /var/www/html/phpmyadmin
$ sudo cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
$ sudo nano config.inc.php
         $cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '';
$ chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/phpmyadmin
$ chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/phpmyadmin
sudo rm -rf /var/www/html/phpmyadmin/setup
$ nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/domain.conf  // this is in conf.d not sites_available

server {
        listen 80;
        server_name Domain;
        root /var/www/html/phpmyadmin;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/phpmyadmin_error.log;
        access_log /var/log/nginx/phpmyadmin_access.log;
        client_max_body_size 100M;
        location / {
                try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
                include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;
                fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock;
                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        }
}

$ rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
$ rm /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
$ nginx -t
$ systemctl reload nginx
http://domain1.com

Step 8 .Install Webmin

$ curl -o setup-repos.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/webmin/webmin/master/setup-repos.sh
$ sh setup-repos.sh
$ apt -y install webmin --install-recommends
( change port: $ sudo nano -w /etc/webmin/miniserv.conf )

Reduce the size of the initramfs

$ nano /etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/compress
   COMPRESS=xz
   reduce it further with
   sed -i s,MODULES=most,MODULES=dep,g /etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf
   update-initramfs -u

Install Let’s Encrypt on Your Domain

$ add-apt-repository ppa:certbot/certbot
$ apt-get update -y
$ apt-get install python-certbot-nginx -y
$ certbot --nginx -d example.com

Set Up Let’s Encrypt SSL Certificate Auto-Renewal
$ crontab -e
     Add the following line:
     12 8 * * * root /usr/bin/certbot renew >/dev/null 2>&1

Renew the SSL certificate manually:
$ certbot renew --dry-run

L.A.M.P

 
prerequisite

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo 
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
$ sudo nano /etc/hosts
$ sudo hostnamectl set-hostname new-one
$ newgrp 

$ apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change
$ apt-get install --reinstall ca-certificates
$ apt-get upgrade -y
$ apt-get install nano wget curl perl sudo -y

$ sudo apt dist-upgrade
$ sudo apt --purge autoremove
$ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
$ apt -y purge Apache2* bind* exim* ufw* firewalld*

================Install Apache==========================================
$ sudo apt -y install apache2 apache2-utils
$ apache2 -v
$ systemctl status apache2
$ systemctl reload apache2

=================PHP=====================
$ sudo apt -y install php software-properties-common 
$ sudo apt -y install php-common php-mysql php-xml php-xmlrpc php-curl php-gd php-imagick php-cli php-fpm php-json php-imap php-mbstring php-opcache php-soap php-dev php-cgi php-zip php-intl php-bcmath php-pear
$ sudo apt -y install libmcrypt-dev libreadline-dev mcrypt 

$ sudo apt -y install php8.2 php8.2-fpm php8.2-common php8.2-mysql php8.2-xml php8.2-xmlrpc php8.2-curl php8.2-gd php8.2-cli php8.2-dev php8.2-imap php8.2-mbstring php8.2-soap php8.2-zip php8.2-cgi 

$ sudo apt -y install php7.4 php7.4-fpm php7.4-common php7.4-mysql php7.4-xml php7.4-xmlrpc 
$ sudo apt -y install php7.4-curl php7.4-gd php7.4-cli php7.4-dev php7.4-imap php7.4-mbstring 
$ sudo apt -y install php7.4-soap php7.4-zip php7.4-cgi
================MySql==========================================
$ apt install -y mariadb-server mariadb-client
$ systemctl status mariadb
$ mysql_secure_installation
$ mysql -u root -p
--Enter password:
Maria DB [(none)]>
> CREATE DATABASE rome;
> CREATE USER 'user_name'@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'db_name'@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
> SHOW GRANTS FOR 'db_name'@localhost;
> SHOW DATABASES;
> Exit;

===============Setting website========================
$ mkdir -p /var/www/website
$ chmod -R 755 /var/www/website
$ nano /var/www/website/index.php
$ cp /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf /etc/apache2/sites-available/website.conf
$ nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/website.conf

<VirtualHost *:80> 
    ServerName your_domain
    ServerAlias www.your_domain 
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
    DocumentRoot /var/www/your_domain
    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost> 

$ a2dissite 000-default.conf
$ a2ensite website.conf
$ systemctl reload apache2

$ sudo apachectl configtest
Output Syntax OK
$ systemctl reload apache2

==========Using php-fpm===========
$ sudo systemctl start php8.2-fpm
$ sudo systemctl status php8.2-fpm
$ sudo systemctl reload apache2
$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/website
$ sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/website
$ nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/website.conf

<VirtualHost *:80> 
ServerAdmin [email protected]
ServerName website.com
DocumentRoot /var/www/website
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
<Directory /var/www/website> 
     Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
     AllowOverride All
     Order allow,deny
     allow from all
</Directory> 
<FilesMatch \.php$> 
     SetHandler "proxy:unix:/run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock|fcgi://localhost"
</FilesMatch> 
     ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/site1_error.log
     CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/site1_access.log combined
</VirtualHost> 

$ sudo apachectl configtest
  Output Syntax OK
$ sudo a2ensite website
$ sudo a2dissite 000-default.conf
$ sudo systemctl reload apache2

================Webmin===================

$ sudo apt -y install curl
$ curl -o setup-repos.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/webmin/webmin/master/setup-repos.sh
$ sh setup-repos.sh
$ apt -y install webmin --install-recommends
( change port: $ sudo nano -w /etc/webmin/miniserv.conf )

===============phpMyAdmin=======================

sudo apt install phpmyadmin -y
sudo dpkg --configure -a
sudo apt -y autoremove
sudo apt install phpmyadmin -y
$ sudo ln -s /usr/share/phpmyadmin/ /var/www/html/
$ cd /var/www/html/phpmyadmin
$ ls
$ sudo cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
$ sudo nano config.inc.php
  $cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '';
$ sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html
$ sudo rm -rf /var/www/html/phpmyadmin/setup
http://i.p addr/phpmyadmin

Caddy

 
Testing Sequential Write Speed    
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/tempfile bs=1M count=1024 conv=fdatasync
Testing Sequential Read Speed
$ sudo sh -c "/usr/bin/echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches"
$ dd if=/tmp/tempfile of=/dev/null bs=1M count=1024 

$ lsb_release -a //current Debian version OR  $ cat /etc/debian_version
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
$ sudo nano /etc/hosts
$ sudo hostnamectl set-hostname new-one
$ newgrp

$ apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change -y
$ apt-get install --reinstall ca-certificates -y
$ apt-get upgrade -y
$ apt-get install nano wget curl perl sudo -y
$ sudo apt -y dist-upgrade
$ sudo apt --purge autoremove -y
$ sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
$ apt -y purge Apache2* bind* exim* ufw firewalld libapache2-mod-php*

$ adduser caddy
$ adduser caddy sudo
$ su - caddy
$ exit

1. ============Install DB================
$ apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client -y
$ systemctl start mariadb
$ systemctl enable mariadb
$ systemctl status mariadb

$ mysql_secure_installation
type y to set the root password
$ mariadb -u rootexit; 

2. ==========Install PHP==================
$ sudo apt -y install php software-properties-common libmcrypt-dev libreadline-dev mcrypt
$ sudo apt -y install php-common php-mysql php-xml php-xmlrpc php-curl php-gd php-imagick php-cli php-fpm php-json php-imap php-mbstring php-opcache php-soap php-dev php-cgi php-zip php-intl php-bcmath php-pear
$ sudo apt -y install php8.2 php8.2-fpm php8.2-common php8.2-mysql php8.2-xml php8.2-xmlrpc php8.2-curl php8.2-gd php8.2-cli php8.2-dev php8.2-imap php8.2-mbstring php8.2-soap php8.2-zip php8.2-cgi

3. ==============Install Caddy========================= 
$ sudo apt install -y debian-keyring debian-archive-keyring apt-transport-https curl 
$ curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/gpg.key' | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/caddy-stable-archive-keyring.gpg 
$ curl -1sLf 'https://dl.cloudsmith.io/public/caddy/stable/debian.deb.txt' | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/caddy-stable.list

$ sudo apt update 
$ sudo apt install caddy
$ sudo systemctl enable --now caddy 
$ sudo systemctl status caddy 
Open http://i.p in your browser 

# nano /etc/php/8.2/fpm/pool.d/www.conf
user = caddy
group= caddy
listen.owner = caddy
listen.group= caddy
# sudo systemctl restart php8.2-fpm
$ systemctl start php8.2-fpm
$ sudo systemctl enable --now php8.2-fpm
$ systemctl status php8.2-fpm

$ apt -y purge Apache2* bind* exim* ufw firewalld libapache2-mod-php*

4. =========Making Website==================
$ sudo mkdir /usr/share/caddy/domain1
$ nano /usr/share/caddy/domain1/index.html

5. ========Install Webmin=============== 
$ curl -o setup-repos.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/webmin/webmin/master/setup-repos.sh 
$ sh setup-repos.sh 
$ apt -y install webmin --install-recommends 
( change port: $ sudo nano -w /etc/webmin/miniserv.conf ) 

6. ====Install PhpMyadmin on Debian($ sudo apt-get purge adminer)==== 
$ sudo apt install phpmyadmin -y 
$ sudo apt -y autoremove 
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a ( $ sudo apt install phpmyadmin -y )
$ mysql -u root
use mysql;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxxxxxx';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit;
$ cd /usr/share/phpmyadmin
$ ls
$ sudo cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
$ sudo nano config.inc.php
  $cfg['blowfish_secret'] = '';
$ sudo chown -R caddy:caddy /usr/share/phpmyadmin
$ sudo rm -rf /usr/share/phpmyadmin/setup

7. Working with CaddyFile
$ nano /etc/caddy/Caddyfile    //caddyfile holds all the domain info.
===========Very Basic cong. ==============================
:80 {   
    root * /usr/share/caddy 
    file_server
    # reverse_proxy localhost:8080
    # php_fastcgi localhost:9000
}

$ systemctl reload caddy
==============OR with fpm=======================
domain:80 {
    tls xxx@xxx.com
    root * /usr/share/caddy/domain1
    file_server
    encode zstd gzip
    php_fastcgi unix//run/php/php8.2-fpm.sock 
    log {
        output file /var/log/caddy/access.log
        format console
    }
}
==========Use as proxy server===========================
domain:80 {
    tls xxx@xxx.com
    /usr/share/caddy/domain1
    file_server
    encode zstd gzip
    reverse_proxy localhost:3000
    log {
        output file /var/log/caddy/access.log
        format console
    }
}
$ sudo systemctl restart caddy

8. ====Install PhpMyadmin on Debian($ sudo apt-get purge adminer)====
$ nano /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
:8070 { 
    root * /usr/share/phpmyadmin
    file_server
    encode zstd gzip
    php_fastcgi unix//run/php/php7.4 8.2-fpm.sock     
}
$ sudo systemctl restart caddy
http://i.p addr:8070

Extra: =============Install Adminer on Debian=============
$ sudo mkdir /usr/share/caddy/adminer
$ sudo wget https://www.adminer.org/latest.php -O /usr/share/caddy/adminer/index.php
$ sudo mysql
$ SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD("my-password");
$ FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
$ exit;
Option://$ sudo ufw allow from any to any port 8070 proto tcp
$ sudo nano /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
:8070 {      
        root * /usr/share/caddy/adminer
        encode gzip zstd
        php_fastcgi unix//run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock

        # Enable the static file server.
        file_server
}
$ sudo systemctl restart caddy
http://i.p:8070

Important ! ==========Enabling Automatic HTTPS===========
In the first line of the Caddyfile, you specify the domains that Caddy should manage.
example.com:80 {
    tls email@example.com
    root * /var/www/html
    file_server
}
tls email@example.com indicates to Caddy that it should use Let's Encrypt to secure
domain using the provided email address for notifications.

============Getting different version of PHP=========================
$ apt -y install apt-transport-https lsb-release ca-certificates
$ wget -O /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/php.gpg https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg
$ echo "deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ $(lsb_release -sc) main" |
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/php.list
$ sudo apt-get -y upgrade
$ sudo apt-get -y purge php8.*
$ sudo apt-get -y purge php5.6*
$ sudo apt-get -y autoclean
$ sudo apt-get -y autoremove
Set Default PHP Version
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.4
$ php -v
$ php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"
$ a2dismod php5.6
$ a2enmod php5.6

=============Install Wordpress================================
Open webmin, go to desired domain, upload wordpress.zip and extract wordpress.zip.
OR
$ cd /tmp
$ wget https://wordpress.org/latest.zip
$ sudo mkdir /usr/share/caddy/domain
$ sudo unzip /tmp/latest.zip   //it will unzip in the directory wordpress.
$ sudo mv /tmp/wordpress/* /usr/share/caddy/domain  //it will transfer all the files to domain.
$ cd /usr/share/caddy/domain
$ ls //see if all the files there
$ sudo chown -R caddy:caddy /usr/share/caddy/domain

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE wordpress DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
GRANT ALL ON wordpress.* TO 'user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'user'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit;

$ nano /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
domain: {    
    tls your@email.com
        log {
        output file /var/log/caddy/your.domain
        format console
    }
    root * /usr/share/caddy/domain
    encode gzip
    file_server
    php_fastcgi unix//run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock
      @disallowed {
        path /xmlrpc.php
        path *.sql
        path /wp-content/uploads/*.php
                  }
     rewrite @disallowed '/index.php'
}
$ sudo systemctl restart caddy
$ cd /usr/share/caddy/domain
  rename wp-config-sample.php to wp-config.php
$ mv wp-config-sample.php wp-config.phpf
$ sudo nano /usr/share/caddy/domain/wp-config.php
define('DB_NAME', 'wp_site');
define('DB_USER', 'wp_user');
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'StrongPassword');
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
define('DB_COLLATE', '');
Go to https://Domain, it will setup Wordpress.

=============Install Adminer on Debian 11=============
$ sudo mkdir /usr/share/caddy/adminer
$ sudo wget https://www.adminer.org/latest.php -O /usr/share/caddy/adminer/index.php
$ sudo mysql
$ SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD("my-password");
$ FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
$ exit;
Option://$ sudo ufw allow from any to any port 8080 proto tcp
$ sudo nano /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
:8080 {       
        root * /usr/share/caddy/adminer
        encode gzip zstd
        php_fastcgi unix//run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock

        # Enable the static file server.
        file_server
}
$ sudo systemctl restart caddy
http://i.p:8080